The action is locked long enough for the chamber pressure to drop to a safe level before unlocking with the Luger,P38,Colt 45,and P35 versus a straight blowback design like the Walther PP/PPK or Makarov with light slides and recoil springs firing lighter bullets with less chamber pressure.
An exception would be an Astra 400 or 600 which are a straight blowback,but they have a strong recoil spring to deal with the chamber pressure of a 9mm Luger.
Heckler and Koch barrels are installed with a press fit and a pin through the receiver trunnion on their 9mm,10mm,.223,.308 series of firearms SP89,HK94,MP5,MP5K,HK93,HK91,G3,HK21,etc....
AK47's use pinned or threaded barrels also.
There is no reason a pressed and pinned barrel could not be used on a Luger that I can think of other than the shank diameter of the barrel,bore diameter of the barrel extension,and chamber dimensions would have to be made to tighter tolerances to achieve a press fit and proper headspace.
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