A bottleneck cartridge should headspace on the shoulder. The SAAMI spec I pointed to earlier shows this measured to the middle of the bottleneck shoulder.
It might be that someone took a 9mm reamer to the normally tapered chamber of a .30 Luger chamber... The chamber should be .3918 inches where the thick web of the case ends and .3805 at the start of the shoulder.
I'm only speculating without a cast of the chamber or good photos.
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 Igitur si vis pacem, para bellum -
- Therefore if you want peace, prepare for war.
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